Aztec priests and leaders researched movements of the sun and planets in the sky. They followed a set of calendars to track planetary and solar events to make the most important decisions they had each year. The practices that accompanied solar, lunar, and planetary events were planned religious services in honour of their gods of the earth and sky.
While gruesome ceremonies may have been an intrinsic part of the Aztec religion, it was the celestial calendars that directed these people to continue in the paths of their ancestors. Aztec calendar - or calendars The Aztecs actually used three calendars that were probably developed by the one of the earliest of the Mesoamerican people, the Olmecs. They were used to equate the current patterns of the sky and daily Aztec life just like they were probably used to direct the events of the early Olmecs.
The Tonalpohualli was the most important Aztec calendar. This day calendar marked the dates when the Aztec ceremonies were to be held. The Tonalpohualli consisted of day periods each bearing the name of a different god.
Starting from the first day, the number one through thirteen was associated with each god day. With 20 gods and 13 numbers, if run continually until a repeated god day and number would equal days. This would run in repetition every days. The nature of a day is also influenced by a force related to its number. This provides the teyollia Spirit Soul for the given day. The numerals with their names in Nahuatl and their related spirits are:.
Even more, each trecena consecutive set of days numbered from '1' to '13' has a god that rules over those days. The twenty trecenas and their associated gods or elemental forces are:. The day year or xihuitl consists of 18 months meztli of 20 days also called veintenas plus five extra unlucky days.
According to Caso, the last day of the last veintena of the year gives its tonalpohualli- name to the xihuitl. This name is the "Xihuitl" information that is displayed by the calendar. A simple calculation learns that only four daysigns can "bear" i. A similar calculation tells us that the number of the xihuitl is raised every year.
So year 1-Calli is followed by 2-Tochtli, etcetera. This means that every 52 years 4 times 13 the name of the year will be the same. A combination of 52 years is called a calendar round or xiuhmolpilli bundle.
As claimed by H. Nicholson, many ethnohistorical sources suggest that not Tititl, as proposed by Caso, but Izcalli was the last veintena of the year. This shifts appears to move the year bearer to the last day of the before last veintena, which seems a rather insignificant position.
However, the veintena festivals probably started at dusk while tonalli days start at dawn or noon , so the last veintena festival actually started on the year bearer. Introduction to the Aztec Calendar Not just one calendar There is not just one Aztec calendar, there are two more or less independent systems.
The lunar portion is the sacred calendar, of days per lunar year, and that's what they used to record historic events. Is it the Mayan or Aztec calendar?
There are two calendars in Aztecs, whereas there are three calendar systems in Mayans. Aztec calendar is an adaptation of Mayan calendar. Aztec calendar is simpler than the complex Mayan calendar. The dates in Haab in Mayan calendar are comparable to the dates in Xiuhpohuali in Aztec calendar. Where is the Aztec calendar? Mexico City.
What does the Aztec calendar tattoo mean? The Aztec sun tattoo symbolizes life, light, power and leadership. The most common design used to represent Aztec sun is the Aztec calendar. Who invented the calendar? Since the Roman emperor's system miscalculated the length of the solar year by 11 minutes, the calendar had since fallen out of sync with the seasons.
What year does the Aztec calendar end? Is the Egyptian calendar still used today? Although Egypt officially doesn't follow the Egyptian calendar, it is still used in churches and by farmers. It is the th Coptic year that it is based on the Egyptian calendar and the ancient Greek one Julian calendar. How accurate is the Mayan calendar? It is extremely accurate, and the calculations of Maya priests were so precise that their calendar correction is 10,th of a day more exact than the standard calendar the world uses today.
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