Fall of Constantinople B. Voyages of Columbus C. Kievian Russia adopted the Eastern Orthodox religion, the Cyrillic alphabet, and different styles of art and architecture through contact with 1 traders from South Asia 2 conquering invaders from Mongolia 3 crusaders from western Europe 4 missionaries from the Byzantine Empire -- None -- 4 Which leader based his rule on the ideas of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels?
The doctrines of the Roman Catholic, Eastern Orthodox, and Protestant churches are all based on the 1 concept of reincarnation 2 principles of Christianity 3 teachings of Muhammad 4 leadership of the pope -- None -- 2 One similarity in the rule of Peter the Great, Suleiman I, and Louis XIV is that each leader 1 shared power with a legislature 2 practiced religious toleration 3 expanded his territory 4 decreased the amount of taxes collected -- None -- 3 Under communism in the former Soviet Union, people were required to 1 reject modern technology 2 limit the size of their families 3 honor their ancestors and religious traditions 4 put the interests of the state before individual gain -- None -- 4 Which economic program was implemented by Joseph Stalin?
One similarity in the rule of Julius Caesar, Genghis Khan, and Catherine the Great is that each leader 1 required the use of Latin throughout the empire 2 engaged in territorial expansion 3 introduced the use of gunpowder in warfare 4 encouraged the spread of independence movements -- None -- 2 A comparison of the actions of the Jacobins during the French Revolution and the actions of the Bolsheviks during the Russian Revolution indicates that revolutions sometimes 1 occur in a peaceful manner 2 gain the support of wealthy landowners 3 ignore urban workers 4 bring radicals to power -- None -- 4 Which group introduced the Cyrillic alphabet, Orthodox Christianity, and domed architecture to Russian culture?
The topography and climate of Russia have caused Russia to 1 depend on rice as its main source of food 2 seek access to warm-water ports 3 adopt policies of neutrality and isolation 4 acquire mineral-rich colonies on other continents -- None -- 2 The Laws ought to be so framed, as to secure the Safety of every Citizen as much as possible. The Equality of the Citizens consists in this; that they should all be subject to the same Laws.
Reddaway, ed. One reason Mikhail Gorbachev implemented the policies of glasnost and perestroika in the Soviet Union was to 1 eliminate freedom of speech and press 2 destroy the power of the opposition party 3 dominate the governments of Eastern Europe 4 encourage political discussion and economic reform -- None -- 4 Which geographic factor played the greatest role in preventing Russia from being conquered by both Napoleon and Adolf Hitler?
Lenin 4 Mikhail Gorbachev -- None -- 3 Which statement about both the Bolshevik Revolution in Russia and the rise of fascism in Germany and Italy is accurate? Page 1 of 1. One way in which King Louis XVI of France and Czar Nicholas II of Russia are similar is that both 1 were executed by revolutionaries 2 were known as great military leaders 3 advocated religious reform 4 supported the emancipation of serfs.
The invasions of Russia by France in and by Germany in World War II were unsuccessful in part because of the 1 Russian alliances with China 2 harsh climatic conditions in Russia 3 inexperience of French and German military leaders 4 failure of France and Germany to develop modern weapons. One reason the Bolsheviks gained peasant support during the Russian Revolution was because the Bolsheviks promised to 1 redistribute land 2 abolish communes 3 bring modern technology to Russian farms 4 maintain an agricultural price-support program.
The early Russian civilization adopted the Eastern Orthodox religion, the Cyrillic alphabet, and different styles of art and architecture through contact with 1 traders from China 2 conquering Mongol invaders 3 Vikings from northern Europe 4 missionaries from the Byzantine Empire. Mikhail Gorbachev contributed to the fall of communism in the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe by 1 introducing the policies of perestroika and glasnost 2 violating nuclear arms agreements 3 invading Afghanistan 4 signing the Camp David Accords.
A study of the fall of the Roman Empire and of the collapse of the Soviet Union shows that powerful empires can 1 lose strength when mercenaries enforce reforms 2 be threatened only when directly attacked by outsiders 3 conquer more than one continent and remain stable 4 be weakened by both internal and external pressures.
Mikhail Gorbachev instituted the policies of glasnost and perestroika to 1 reinforce the basic economic principles of communism 2 bring the Soviet Union into the European Economic Community 3 reform the Soviet Union politically and economically 4 gain acceptance for free political elections. During the Cold War, the Soviet Union and the democracies in the West competed for influence in the Middle East because of its 1 strategic location and valuable resources 2 vast fertile farmlands and rivers 3 large well-educated population 4 industrial potential.
Under Joseph Stalin, peasants in the Soviet Union were forced to 1 become members of the ruling party 2 support the Russian Orthodox Church 3 join collective farms 4 move to large cities. While some Communist Party members reserved many of the seats for themselves, other hardliners went down to defeat at the ballot box to liberal reformers. Former dissidents and prisoners, including Nobel laureate physicist and activist Andrei Sakharov , were elected as candidates waged Western-style campaigns.
When the new Congress met for its first session in May , newspapers, television and radio stations — newly empowered by the lifting of press restrictions under glasnost — devoted hours of time to the meetings, which featured open conflict between conservatives and liberals.
But as with economic reforms, many of these newly-elected reformers used their platforms to criticize what they still considered limited change.
And the pushback by hardliners was just as fierce. In March , the largest newspaper in the Soviet Union published a full-throttled attack on Gorbachev by chemist and social critic Nina Andreyeva. Gorbachev held firm on a promise to end Soviet involvement in a war in Afghanistan , which the U.
After 10 controversial years and nearly 15, Soviet deaths, troops fully withdrew in It was with the staunchly anti-Communist Reagan that Gorbachev, a new kind of Communist leader, achieved a series of landmark agreements, including the INF Treaty that eliminated all intermediate range nuclear weapons in Europe.
Gorbachev, tear down this wall. After decades of heavy-handed control over Eastern Bloc nations, the Soviet Union under Gorbachev eased their grip. In , he announced to the United Nations that Soviet troop levels would be reduced, and later said that the U. The remarkable speed of the collapse of these satellite countries was stunning: By the end of the Berlin Wall came down and Germany was on the path to reunification, and relatively peaceful revolutions had brought democracy to countries like Poland, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia and Romania.
Inspired by reforms with the Soviet Union under both perestroika and glasnost, as well as the collapse of Communism in Eastern Europe, nationalist independence movements began to swell within the U. As the difficulties of half a decade of reform rattled the stability of Communist Party, Gorbachev attempted to right the ship, shifting his positions to appease both hardliners and liberals. His increasing appeals for Western support and assistance, particularly to President George H.
Bush , went unheeded. In August , a coup by hardliners aligned with some members of the KGB attempted to remove Gorbachev, but he maintained in control, albeit temporarily. Gorbachev resigned on December 25, With the fall of the Soviet Union , the Cold War was over. Milestones of Perestroika: Spiegel Online. The New York Times , November 9, Perestroika, Library of Economics and Liberty.
The New York Times , June 4, Perestroika: Reform that changed the world. It was instituted by Mikhail Gorbachev in the late s and began the democratization of the Soviet Union. From the start, Gorbachev was different from previous Soviet leaders. Years of centralized controls had led to stagnation, and the Soviet economy was already straining to compete with the military buildup in the United States led by President Ronald Reagan.
How did Mikhail Gorbachev differ from previous Soviet leaders? He did not actually believe in communism. He recognized that the Soviet Union needed to adapt. He acknowledged that communism was not viable. New political thinking or simply new thinking was the doctrine put forth by Mikhail Gorbachev as part of his reforms of the Soviet Union. Terms in this set 15 What happened when Hungary opened its borders? Thousands of people left East Germany. The correct answer is B.
Mikhail Gorbachev differed from previous Soviet leaders as he recognized that the Soviet Union needed to adapt. Explanation: To change things, Gorbachev announced a program of reforms that would become popular through the slogans of perestroika restructuring and glasnost transparency.
Answer: Soviet system became so weak and Soviet economy stagnant due to the following reasons: Soviet economy concentrated on the development of its satellite states in Eastern Europe especially in the five central Asian Republics. This led to a huge economic burden on people to be coped up with. Which was one of the main factors that caused relations between the Soviet Union and China to deteriorate?
The hostages were returned to the United States immediately. The United States increased its purchase of Iranian oil. Table of Contents.
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